Cyclopenta[c]thiophene- and Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Red-Green-Blue Electrochromic Polymers

 

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Abstract

Cyclopenta[c]thiophene (CPT)-based polymers are potential candidates in organic electronics. Here, we report the first solution-processable red homopolymer (P1) of a thiophene-capped derivative of CPT (DHTCPT), and a blue homopolymer (P2) of N-substituted thienodiketopyrrolopyrrole (DEHTDPP). Additionally, by alternatingly copolymerizing the DHTCPT and DEHTDPP units, we achieved the green copolymer P3, thus completing the red-green-blue color wheels. We have shown experimentally and computationally (time-dependent density functional theory and natural bond orbital calculations) that P1 and P2 have very different optoelectronic features. However, in a donor–acceptor (D–A) copolymer P3, the optoelectronic properties have been tuned significantly to keep it in an intermediate range of P1 and P2. P2 and P3 absorb throughout the whole UV-vis range of the solar spectrum. Furthermore, all polymers showed electrochromism to switch colors between neutral and polaronic states in solution. For P1, the maximum optical contrast (%ΔT) was observed for the SOMO→LUMO transition, whereas P3 displayed the maximum %ΔT at the HOMO→LUMO transition.

Publication History

Received: 03 September 2022

Accepted: 09 November 2022

Article published online:
13 December 2022

© 2022. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

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• Supplementary Material